The Basic Principles Of Lumbar Vertebrae - Anatomy Pictures and Information

(See the image listed below.) Back  This Author . Extensors The extensor muscles are organized in 3 layers. The biggest group of intrinsic back muscles and main extensor is the erector spinae (or sacrospinalis). In the lower L-spine, the erector spinae appears as a single muscle. At the upper back location, it divides into 3 vertical columns of muscles (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis).

The iliocostalis is the most lateral, and the spinalis (tiniest muscle) is the most medial. The longissimus (largest muscle) inserts on to the skull base, whereas the iliocostalis inserts onto the angles of the ribs and transverse procedures of the lower cervical vertebrae. As these muscles ascend up the vertebral column, they divide regionally depending on where the muscle attaches par excellence.

In the sacrum, it stems from the laminar location simply median to the posterior sacral foramina, from the tendinous origins on the erector spinae, and the medial surface of the posterior remarkable iliac spinal column (PSIS). Each fascicle is directed superomedially toward the inferior and medial margin of the lamina and surrounding spinous process.

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The transversospinal muscle group acts both as an L-spine extensor and a rotator. A wide variety of little, segmental muscles are the deepest layer of the back extensors. They can be divided into 2 groups, both innervated by the dorsal rami of spine nerves. The levatores costarum are not typically present in the back spinal column.

The interspinales consists of short fasciculi connected between the spinous processes of contiguous vertebrae. The intertransversarii include 2-3 slips of muscles, which pass between nearby transverse procedures. They are postural stabilizers and increase the performance of bigger muscle group action. Forward flexors Flexors of the L-spine are divided into an iliothoracic (extrinsic) group and a femorospinal (intrinsic) group.

The femorospinal group is made up of the psoas significant and iliacus muscles. The psoas major stems from numerous areas: the anterior surface and lower border of transverse procedures of L1-L5, from the bodies and discs of T12-L5. It inserts on to the lesser trochanter of the thigh and is innervated by direct fibers of the lumbar plexus (L1-L3).